Modelo teórico para el estudio de la movilidad social. Un acercamiento desde la teoría sociológica / Theoretical Model for the Study of Social Mobility: An Approach from Sociological Theory

Resumen El estudio de la movilidad social se ha abordado desde diferentes perspectivas teóricas, lo que ha derivado en diversos modelos para su comprensión, centrándose en aspectos diferentes del proceso de organización de la sociedad, lo que hace muy compleja la investigación de casos concretos. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados de un estudio que se propuso la construcción de una propuesta teórica integral como base para la investigación de la movilidad social, cuyo resultado fundamental es un modelo conceptual orientado a entender este fenómeno a partir de lo que se ha denominado la estructura del poder social.

Abstract The study of social mobility has been approached from different theoretical perspectives, which has resulted in various models for their understanding, by focusing on different aspects of the process of organization of society, which makes the research of specific cases very complex. The objective of this article is to present the results of a study, which offered the construction of a comprehensive theoretical proposal as a basis for the research of social mobility, the fundamental result of which is a conceptual model oriented to understand this phenomenon from what has been called the structure of social power.

El impacto de la formación profesional de la Facultad de Educación en la Seccional Oriente de la Universidad de Antioquia / The Impact of Vocational Training from the Faculty of Education in the Eastern Campus at the University of Antioquia

Resumen La descentralización educativa, proyectada mediante la oferta localizada y pertinente al territorio, cuenta con poca información respecto al impacto que se ha logrado después de tres décadas de presencia de la universidad en la región del Oriente Antioqueño. Este artículo presenta los resultados del estudio realizado con 91 egresados de la Facultad de Educación, el cual valoró las transformaciones que la educación superior generó en sus trayectorias de vida y, a través de estas experiencias, en los territorios a los que pertenecen, encontrando que se favoreció significativamente la acumulación de capitales para el desarrollo de los sujetos y el territorio.

Abstract Educational decentralization, which is projected through the localized and relevant offer to the territory, has little information regarding the impact achieved after three decades of the university's presence, in the Eastern Region of Antioquia. This article presents the results of the study carried out with 91 graduates of the Faculty of Education, which valued the transformations that higher education generated in their life trajectories and, through these experiences, in the territories to which they belong, finding that the accumulation of capital for the development of subjects and territory was significantly favored.

Desarrollo de un índice de medición del pensamiento crítico en la formación profesional / Desenvolvimento de um índice de medição do pensamento crítico na formação profissional / Development of a measurement index of critical thinking in professional formation

Objective. This research sought to construct and validate a measurement index of critical thinking (CT) in professional formation. Methods. Transversal, quantitative, test validation-type study. After reviewing scientific production in CT, which permitted defining the concept and its conceptual domains, a 65-item scale was constructed of closed questions on the analysis of cases evaluating CT. The scale was subjected to expert evaluation to then be applied to 53 undergraduate students (35 from nursing and 18 from sociology) to evaluate validity and reliability. Results. The 65-item scale has an explained variance of 61.3% and is comprised of five CT domains: inference, evaluation, argumentation, analysis, and interpretation. A Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.61 was obtained. Conclusion. The scale proposed to assess students' CT skills converges with concepts by known authors with the CT theory and is adequate for use as a CT measurement index in professional formation.

Objetivo. Construir y validar un índice de medición del pensamiento crítico (PC) en la formación profesional. Métodos. Estudio cuantitativo transversal del tipo de validación de pruebas. Luego de revisar la producción científica en PC, la definición del concepto y sus dominios conceptuales, se construyó una escala de 65 ítems de preguntas cerradas sobre análisis de casos que evalúan PC. La escala fue sometida a valoración de expertos para luego ser aplicada a 53 estudiantes de pregrado (35 de enfermería y 18 de sociología) con el fin de evaluar la validez y la confiabilidad. Resultados. La escala de 65 ítems tiene una varianza explicada del 61.3% y está compuesta por cinco dominios de PC: inferencia, evaluación, argumentación, análisis e interpretación. Se obtuvo un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0.61. Conclusión. La escala propuesta para evaluar las habilidades del PC del estudiante converge con conceptos de autores reconocidos con la teoría de PC y es adecuada para ser utilizada como índice de medición de PC en la formación profesional.

Objetivo. Construir e validação um índice de medição do pensamento crítico (PC) na formação profissional. Métodos. Estudo quantitativo transversal do tipo de validação de provas. Logo de revisar a produção científica em PC, o que permitiu a definição do conceito e seus domínios conceituais, se construiu uma escala de 65 itens de perguntas fechadas sobre análise de casos que avaliam PC. A escala foi submetida a valoração de peritos para logo ser aplicada a 53 estudantes de pré-graduação (35 de enfermagem e 18 de sociologia) com o fim de avaliar a validez e a confiabilidade. Resultados. A escala de 65 itens tem uma variável explicada de 61.3% e está composta por cinco domínios de PC: inferência, avaliação, argumentação, análise e interpretação. Se obteve um coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0.61. Conclusão. A escala proposta para avaliar as habilidades do PC do estudante converge com conceitos de autores reconhecidos com a teoria de PC, e é adequada para ser utilizada como índice de medição de PC na formação profissional.

Development of a measurement index of critical thinking in professional formation.

OBJECTIVES: This research sought to construct and validate a measurement index of critical thinking (CT) in professional formation. METHODS: Transversal, quantitative, test validation-type study. After reviewing scientific production in CT, which permitted defining the concept and its conceptual domains, a 65-item scale was constructed of closed questions on the analysis of cases evaluating CT. The scale was subjected to expert evaluation to then be applied to 53 undergraduate students (35 from nursing and 18 from sociology) to evaluate validity and reliability. RESULTS: The 65-item scale has an explained variance of 61.3% and is comprised of five CT domains: inference, evaluation, argumentation, analysis, and interpretation. A Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.61 was obtained. CONCLUSIONS: The scale proposed to assess students' CT skills converges with concepts by known authors with the CT theory and is adequate for use as a CT measurement index in professional formation.